Situation Awareness Misconceptions and Misunderstandings

Notes

Endsley, M.R. (2015) 'Situation Awareness Misconceptions and Misunderstandings', *Journal of Cognitive Engineering and Decision Making*, 9(1), pp. 4–32. doi: 10.1177/1555343415572631. Compiled into [[situation-awareness-endsley-model]]. Public domain (work of U.S. federal government employees).

Special-issue review in which Endsley defends the Endsley (1995) three-level model of SA (perception, comprehension, projection) against recent critiques, treating seven recurring criticisms as fallacies/misunderstandings, and compares the model with three alternatives offered to replace it: Situated SA, Distributed SA (DSA), and the Data-Frame model of sensemaking.

**Pagination note.** PDF p. 1 = orig. p. 4 (the journal runs pp. 4–32). Locators carry the offset **PDF p. N = orig. p. N+3**.

**Routing note.** Owned by eye-tracking-research-kb: SA is an explicit focus area here (SA measurement, gaze patterns as SA indicators, SA in dynamic environments), and this is the foundational SA-theory reference behind gaze-as-SA-indicator work. Cross-relevant to remote-operations-kb (SA at distance) and maritime-domain-kb (SA in accidents, where Grech et al. classify errors by Endsley's three levels); those KBs link rather than duplicate.

```bibtex
@article{endsley2015misconceptions,
  author  = {Endsley, Mica R.},
  title   = {Situation Awareness Misconceptions and Misunderstandings},
  journal = {Journal of Cognitive Engineering and Decision Making},
  year    = {2015},
  volume  = {9},
  number  = {1},
  pages   = {4--32},
  doi     = {10.1177/1555343415572631}
}
```

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Notes