Seafarer fatigue: a review of risk factors, consequences for seafarers' health and safety and options for mitigation

Notes

Jepsen, J.R., Zhao, Z. and van Leeuwen, W.M.A. (2015) 'Seafarer fatigue: a review of risk factors, consequences for seafarers' health and safety and options for mitigation', *International Maritime Health*, 66(2), pp. 106–117. doi: 10.5603/IMH.2015.0024. Compiled into [[seafarer-fatigue]].

A narrative review (REVIEW PAPER) in *International Maritime Health*. Surveys the literature on seafarer fatigue — its measurement, the maritime and occupational risk factors that drive it (irregular work and sleep, watch systems, sleep quality, physical and individual factors), its acute consequences (safety incidents, disturbed sleep) and chronic consequences (cardiovascular, metabolic, gastrointestinal, psychiatric, and cancer risk via shift-work pathways), and options for mitigation (international regulation, collective/company measures, individual sleep hygiene, fatigue prediction). Where seafarer-specific evidence is thin, the authors extrapolate from other shift-working and transport populations. Searchable text, OCR ok; verified via the RAW PDF and DOI.

**Renamed** from the inbox filename `42447-71452-1-SM.pdf` (a journal submission-management ID) to a descriptive kebab-case name.

**Pagination note.** The PDF is 12 pages; the article is printed as pp. 106–117. Offset is **PDF p. N = orig. p. N + 105** (PDF p. 1 = orig. p. 106). The reference list begins partway down PDF p. 9 (orig. p. 114) and runs to PDF p. 12.

**Figure.** Figure 1 (PDF p. 3, orig. p. 108), "Diagram illustrating the main determinants and outcomes of fatigue", extracted to `Wiki/images/seafarer-fatigue/fig-1-fatigue-determinants-and-outcomes.png` and embedded in the article.

**Routing note.** Owned by maritime-domain-kb: seafarer fatigue is a maritime human-element / occupational-health topic, and the source is published in a maritime journal with maritime regulation (ILO 180, MLC 2006, STCW, ISM) as a central thread. Cross-relevant to remote-operations-kb (operator alertness/workload) and human-centered-design-kb (cognitive load); those KBs link rather than duplicate.

```bibtex
@article{jepsen2015seafarer,
  author  = {Jepsen, J{\o}rgen Riis and Zhao, Zhiwei and van Leeuwen, Wessel M. A.},
  title   = {Seafarer fatigue: a review of risk factors, consequences for seafarers' health and safety and options for mitigation},
  journal = {International Maritime Health},
  year    = {2015},
  volume  = {66},
  number  = {2},
  pages   = {106--117},
  doi     = {10.5603/IMH.2015.0024}
}
```

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